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January 2020, Volume 31, Issue 1

Democracy’s Inevitable Elites

Ghia Nodia

Robert Michels’s classic work on the “iron law of oligarchy” can help us to understand why there is so much dissatisfaction with representative democracy.

July 2023, Volume 34, Issue 3

The Origins of Military Supremacy in Dictatorships

Some autocracies are dominated by their militaries, while others hold the generals in check. The key is this: If an autocratic regime did not create its military, it will struggle to control it.

January 2011, Volume 22, Issue 1

Building Democracy While Building Peace

Christoph Zürcher

Why are peacebuilding operations rarely able to establish postconflict democracies, and are there other strategies that would yield more successes?

July 2009, Volume 20, Issue 3

Scottish Democracy in a Time of Nationalism

Tom Gallagher

The Scottish National Party proposes to free Scotland from its supposed tutelage to London, but betrays habits of political centralism and elitism that raise questions about the quality of democracy an independent Scotland would enjoy.

April 2008, Volume 19, Issue 2

Public Opinion and Democratic Legitimacy

Do young democracies have to "deliver the goods" economically in order to win political legitimacy in their citizens' eyes? Public opinion data from Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Arab world suggest some fascinating answers.

October 2003, Volume 14, Issue 4

Making Sense of the EU: Competing Goals, Conflicting Perspectives

Marc F. Plattner

Is the EU an international organization, an emerging federal state, something in between, or something altogether different? So far it has managed to survive and prosper depite all the disagreements about its true nature, but for how long can it continue to do so?

Why Iran Is Entering a Dangerous Moment

Mohammad Ayatollahi Tabaar

The country’s recent elections revealed deep fissures in Iranian society and there is already growing disillusionment with the new president. With mounting economic worries, Iran is in a volatile state.

Why Vladimir Putin’s Luck Ran Out

Michael McFaul

For twenty years, the Russian autocrat enjoyed a string of good fortune in coming to power and cementing his rule. He had raised Russia’s standing in the world. Then he invaded Ukraine.

How Putin’s War in Ukraine Has Ruined Russia

Kathryn Stoner

In a matter of weeks, the Russian autocrat has erased his country’s prosperity in a feckless attempt to rebuild a doomed empire.

Will Kuwait’s Next Parliament Be Its Last?

Sean L. Yom

The Gulf kingdom has been a rare democratic experiment. But gridlock and the Emir’s mounting impatience with Kuwaiti politics may be on the cusp of bringing it to an end.

Why Did Argentina Just Elect a Radical Right-Wing Political Outsider?

By choosing Javier Milei, Argentinian voters didn’t just reject the status quo. They have sent their country hurtling in an unknown direction.

Why Ukraine Is Starting to Lose

Zoltan Barany

Putin doesn’t care how many of his troops die. He is looking to win a war of attrition. On the second anniversary of Russia’s invasion, Ukraine needs the West’s help—and it needs it now.

The Son Also Rises

Richard Javad Heydarian

Many feared Ferdinand Marcos Jr.’s election would spell the end of Philippine democracy. But the dictator’s son has surprised nearly everyone, playing the role of a reformer while moving fast to sideline his populist rivals.

Ecuador’s Democratic Breakdown

Will Freeman

The small Latin American country was a brief democratic bright spot. But it appears to have fallen victim to a clash between populists and anti-populists, without a democrat in sight.

Paradoxes of the New Authoritarianism

Why Indonesia’s Democracy Is in Danger

Thomas B. Pepinsky

Indonesian voters have made Prabowo Subianto, a special-forces commander with a dark past, their next president. Even as voters flocked to the polls, his election is a harbinger of democracy’s decline.

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How the World’s Most Popular Dictator Wins

Manuel Meléndez-Sánchez

El Salvador’s Nayib Bukele may be overwhelmingly popular, but he wasn’t going to let his electoral ambitions hinge on being well-liked. Instead, he rigged the playing field before the first vote was cast.

Is South Korea’s New President Good for Democracy?

Gi-Wook Shin

South Koreans have elected Lee Jae-myung president. Will he be a pragmatic democratic reformer? Or will he continue the polarizing political warfare of recent South Korean leaders?

Read the April Issue for Free Before It’s Too Late!

How do autocrats control the media? Will Syria be free now that Assad has fallen? What’s to blame for democratic backsliding? Why must Ukraine win? The April issue of the Journal of Democracy tackles some of today’s most pressing questions.