When Populism Can Be Good

Issue Date April 2026
Volume 37
Issue 2
Page Numbers 78-90
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Is populism bad for democracy? This essay, which draws on the authors’ surveys (from Britain, France, Germany, and the U.S.), shows two competing populist tendencies in public opinion: one rooted in political failure and one based on economic unfairness. The political-failure dimension is associated with negative views toward minorities and is hostile to pluralism. By contrast, the economic-unfairness dimension is associated with positive views toward minorities and is hostile to billionaires and large corporations. The authors call this dimension “good populism,” because of its pro-pluralist character. The essay explores why political parties have largely neglected this latent potential of populism.

About the Authors

Pepper Culpepper

Pepper Culpepper is Blavatnik Professor of Government and Public Policy at the Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford.

View all work by Pepper Culpepper

Taeku Lee

Taeku Lee is Bae Family Professor of Government at Harvard University. Together with Pepper Culpepper, they are the authors of Billionaire Backlash: The Age of Corporate Scandal and How It Could Save Democracy (2026).

View all work by Taeku Lee

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